An explosive substance is a solid or liquid substance or mixture of substances which is in itself capable by chemical reaction of producing gas at such a temperature and pressure and at such a speed as to cause damage to the surroundings. Effectively exploiting information and materials from ied attacks. Vets explosives tom gelormino 7 south street torrington, connecticut 06790. General counsel guidance on explosives safety requirements. Personnel support detachment naval station norfolk. Nonel ez det must be transported, stored, handled and used in conformity with all federal, state, provincial and local laws and regulations. Sensitivity is a measure of the ease with which an explosive can be detonated by heat, friction or shock and of its ability to propagate that detonation. A light metal shed or other lightweight fireretardant. Explosive entry breaching frames are used by bomb technicians and special weapons and tactics teams to facilitate rapid entry into structures during tactical operations. Fracturing devices, explosive, for oil wells, without detonator 0099 jets perforating guns, oil well, without detonator 0124 0494 articles eei 0486 rocket motors where each motor contains more than 1kg of explosive or.
An explosion may occur without an explosive, that is, without any material which contains intrinsically the energy needful to produce the explosion. Detonating cord also called detonation cord, detacord, det. The purpose of this manual is to provide an overview of and recommendations for the design, development and qualification of pyrotechnic components and the systems in which they are used. It seems that there is no book that treats the measurement of the physical pa rameters of explosives as its only subject, although limited information is avail. These regulations often do not reflect the refinements in product. Vets has a long history of providing expertise in the most demanding and challenging blasting applications. For alarmed bags, it generates complete 3d views of each threat object and configurations standalone partially integrated fully integrated compliance tsa air cargo quali. Modified explosive diagram for determining gasmixture. Around 1902, the germans and british had experimented with trinitrotoluene tnt, first prepared by wilbrand in 1863. Explosive ordnance, op 1664, 1947, describes and illustrates united states navy projectiles, army and navy rockets, pyrotechnics, grenades, land mines, bombs, and guided missiles please report any typos, or particularly annoying layout issues with the mail feedback form for correction richard pekelney webmaster.
Density is an important consideration when choosing an explosive. Chapter i properties of explosives an explosive is a material. Formalet med det er, at vi, i stedet for at tvinge vores vilje igennem og stille krav til barnet, kan undervise det i at t. In a deep borehole, pressure in the bottom can alter an explosives density by causing microballoons to be crushed. When the jet first penetrates, the explosive starts to react, and soon the reaction propa gates into the explosive, possibly as a detonation wave. With few exceptions, denser explosives give higher detonation velocities and pressures. The resulting compound is cast into a flat sheet which is typically pliable and deformable over a wide range of temperature. Remove victim from area of exposure avoid becoming a casualty. All bombs have an explosive train but not all explosive trains are necessarily bombs. Modified explosive diagram for determining gasmixture explosibility article in journal of loss prevention in the process industries 264. An example of a pure explosive compound is nitroglycerin, a highly unstable, heavy, colourless, oily liquid. Breaching frames allow entry teams to quickly set up and place an explosive charge, reducing the team members exposure to danger. For maximum shelf life 3 years, nonel ez det must be stored in a cool, dry, well ventilated magazine.
With the petn exploding at a rate of approximately 6400 ms, any common length of detonation cord appears to explode instantaneously. Shelf life of explosive materials many of the current regulations governing the storage and handling of explosive materials were adopted and implemented before the development of modern blasting agents, emulsions, slurries, water gels and cast boosters. Rocket engines have been created out of a large number of sequentially fired stages of sheet explosive discs. Please report any typos, or particularly annoying layout issues with the mail feedback form for correction.
Explosive ordnance, op 1664, 1947, describes and illustrates united states navy projectiles, army and navy rockets, pyrotechnics, grenades, land mines, bombs, and guided missiles. There are two major categories, high explosives and low explosives. The product must only be repaired by qualified service technicians using original spare parts. Each classification consists of a sub class number that indicates the type of hazard and a compatibility group suffix describing which types of product may inhabit the. When wet it is very safe, but upon drying, becomes very explosive and shock sensitive. Office of general counsel guidance on the effect of replacement of doe m 440. This approach is a rough conventionalexplosive analogue to the project orion nuclear rocket, although with many more explosions per second. For example, water in a borehole can corrupt an explosive like ammoniumnitrate fuel oil, which isnt waterresistant ammonium nitrate is hydroscopic and will dissolve in water.
Arabic explosive manual translation 4 unclassifiedfor official use only page 1 of 156 in the name of allah, most gracious, most merciful peace and prayers to the prophet mohammad peace be upon him, and peace in front of. Cole and 2002 bali nightclub bombings recommended in alqaedas traditional curriculum of explosives training. Remove contaminated clothing and loosen remaining clothing. For purposes of classification, the department of transportation, explosives manufacturers, and the military have developed many ignition, burnrate, and detonation tests. Polymerbased rocket propellants, generally referred to as. Chapter i properties of explosives an explosive is a.
Tusen tack alla larare och barn med foraldrar for att ni sa generost tillat mig videofilma samspelet er emellan. Note that this differs from a pulsed detonation rocket because the fuel consists solely of prepositioned solid explosives. Each classification consists of a sub class number that indicates the type of hazard and a compatibility group suffix describing which types of product may inhabit the same means of containment. Pdf design and manufacturing an explosive ordnance disposal. Other classes of explosive materials may also be stored in type 2 magazines.
Nitroglycerin is faster to ignite and more powerful than gunpowder. Sweden where bulk emulsion explosives have been used. By using bulk emulsion explosive it was possible to achieve a better breakage performance. With the petn exploding at a rate of approximately 6400 ms, any common length. High explosives are further divided into initiating, or. Around 500 alphabetically ordered, monographic entries consider the physicochemical properties, production methods and safe applications of over 120 explosive chemicals, while discussing 70 fuels, additives and oxidizing agents and describing the. The ease with which an explosive or ba can be ignited andor detonated when subjected to heat either confined or unconfined is termed that explosive s flammability. Naval station norfolk telephone directory commander, navy. Introduction to explosives for official use only c4. The explosive train is more commonly known as a bomb. Shapedcharge jet penetration of an explosive charge is usually an unsteady process. Electrostatic paint spraying and detearing of inert items in nonhazardous locations 149, page 180. A matrix of the united nations explosives shipping classification system and examples of typical materials. Description of the book test methods for explosives.
It seems unnecessary to define an explosion, for everyone knows what it isa loud noise and the sudden going away of. It identifies hazards and states safety precautions and rules when working with explosives. Professionalknowledgegained fromoperationalexperiencein. Sheet explosives are materials formed by combining an explosive with a rubberizera flexible binding agent. It applies to everyone involved in explosives operations of any kind at air force, air national guard and air force reserveowned or leased facilities and. In a copper mine this resulted in a decreased powder factor and thereby less cost for the explosive. Pdf design and manufacturing an explosive ordnance. Eventually, picric acid was accepted all over the world as the basic explosive for military uses. These explosions released large amounts of high volatility fission products, including 129mte, 1i, 3xe, 4cs, 6cs and 7cs. Explosive boxes revision no 1 page 3 of 10 issue date. This manual was designed to provide a systematic approach to surface blast design. Smoke and carbon monoxide alarm smoke alarm pdf manual download. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Explosives shipping classification system wikipedia.
An explosive is a substance that holds a huge amount of stored energy. Substances and articlesso packaged or designed that any hazardous effects arising from accidental functioning are confined within the package unless the package has. Black powder, for example, may burn in the open air. Nitroglycerin combined with sawdust makes dynamite. A comparison is made with other types of explosives re garding costs for drilling and blasting. Pyrotechnic substances are included even when they do not evolve gases. Compositemodified doublebase rocket propellants generally contain an inorganic crystalline oxidizer such as ammonium perchlorate ap, nh4c104 and a metallic fuel, e.
Improved guidelines for pyrotechnic design, development and qualification are clearly needed. Abundance and genetic damage of barn swallows from fukushima. View and download kidde smoke and carbon monoxide alarm user manual online. Rock blasting and control overbreak fhwa us department of. Explosive vi uk retailer of great tabletop games, board games and card games. An explosive is a chemical material that is capable of extremely rapid combustion resulting in an explosion or detonation. Fmfrp 1243 professionalknowledgegained fromoperationalexperiencein vietnam,1969, specialissue, minesandboobytraps u. Introduction to the deton group of companies deton engineering pty ltd. It seems that there is no book that treats the measurement of the physical pa rameters of explosives as its only subject, although limited information is avail able in a number of books. For free running explosives, the density is often specified as the pounds of explosives per foot of charge length in a given size borehole. We will enhance our capability to identify ied networks, tactics, techniques and procedures through. Inside the casing of an explosive, there is either a pure compound or a mixture containing an oxidizer and a fuel source. Usually, the detonation wave has a velocity greater than the rate of penetration, and outruns the penetration pro. Portable outdoor magazines for the temporary storage of high explosives.
When that energy is released, the material inside the device expands to many times greater than the device, causing an explosion, which is accompanied by heat, sound, light and pressure. Never place the product where there is a risk of it falling into water or other types of liquid. Knowledge and experience, combined with the latest technology makes vets one of the most valued and respected explosives suppliers in the region. Explosive entry breaching frames assessment summary.
Since an adequate supply of oxygen cannot be drawn from the air, a source of oxygen must be incorporated into the explosive mixture. This worldfamous work has been enlarged and updated without tampering with its tried and tested format. The product must only be placed on a firm, flat surface. Explosives complete tutorial compiled by red dragon. Allow patient to assume most comfortable position and keep warm. It should be used in conjunction with the classification flow charts in figures 10. Countering improvised explosive devices 2 increase global participation and partnership in dialogues on counteried efforts and information sharing. The cross section for this reaction peaks to approximately 0. An explosive is a material, cither a pure single substance or a mixture of substances, which is capable of producing an explosion by its own energy. Add 20ml of ammonium hydroxide ammonia water 10% filter.
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