Until the mid20th century, bacterial pneumonia was probably the leading cause of death among the elderly. This section aims to publish studies looking at all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of bacterial and fungal diseases in humans, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology. List of diseases caused by bacteria and viruses in humans. However, disease causing species cause a range of human bacterial illnesses that range from mild to potentially lifethreatening. Gk, general studies, optional notes for upsc, ias, banking, civil services. Since ancient times, historians have documented some of those diseases. Microorganisms and disease questions and answers pdf. At the present time, all known prokaryotic pathogens are bacteria.
A few harmful microbes, for example less than 1% of bacteria, can invade our body the host and make us ill. National institute of child health and human development. We merged these records with ecological characteristics of the causal pathogens to. Out of the emerging pathogens, 2 75% are zoonotic, and overall, zoonotic pathogens are twice as. Global rise in human infectious disease outbreaks ncbi. Isbn 9781581103069 centers for disease control and prevention. Bacterial diseases are caused by harmful bacteria pathogenic bacteria. Numbers of species of infectious agent causing human disease, by taxonomic.
The human microbiota in health and disease sciencedirect. Viruses of rabies are introduced through the wound caused by the bite of rabid animals, especially dogs. Static gk diseases caused by microorganisms bacteria. Chapter 2 disease and disease transmission an enormous variety of organisms exist, including some which can survive and even develop in the body of people or animals.
More than 100 trillion symbiotic microorganisms live on and within human beings and play an important role in human health and disease. All types of questions asked in competitive exams have been covered. During that period many of the bacteria that cause human disease were identified and characterized. Pdf microbes are called diseasecausing microbes and can make humans, animals and plants sick by. Some diseases are also caused by microorganisms due to unbalanced diet such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi, protozoans, helminthes, worms, etc environmental pollutants, tobacco, alcohol and. Sometimes the bacteria invade the body and cause certain illnesses, which are known as meningococcal disease.
Humans acquire lyme disease when they are bitten by an infected tick 3. Important advances have shown that the gut microbiota is. Aspirin and cigarette smoking can also cause birth problems. Bacteria live on your skin, in your intestine and in many other body locations. Borrelia burgdorferi is carried by certain types of ticks that obtain the bacteria through biting infected mice or deer. The gram stain attaches to peptidoglycan in the bacterial cell wall. Here presented the list of diseases caused by bacteria and viruses in humans. Bacillus anthracis, which causes the disease known as anthrax, is a grampositive sporulating bacteria that gets its name from the distinct coallike, black tissue that is shed from a skin infection anthrakis is greek for coal.
Microorganisms that are capable of causing disease are called pathogens. It is caused by bacteria called mycobacterium tuberculosis and mostly infects bones, lungs, brain, and the abdomen. Fungi live outdoors in soil and on plants and trees as well as on many indoor surfaces and on human skin. Bacterial disease, any of a variety of illnesses caused by bacteria. Section edited by ivan fn hung, jorge garbino and kelvin to. Pdf risk factors for human disease emergence researchgate. Infectious diseases disease is a disturbance in the state of health microbes cause disease in the course of stealing space, nutrients, andor living tissue from their symbiotic hosts e. The consequences of human actions on risks for infectious. Birth defects are the leading cause of death for infants during the first year of life. Multiple archaeal genomes have been sequenced to completion, contributing to a better understanding of the unique cellular processes of archaea and their role in adaptation to extreme. Pathogens may also be considered emerging, for example, antimicrobial resistant bacteria. By combining genetic tracking of intestinal bacteria, perhaps by the use of robotic. In many cases, infectious disease can be spread from person to person, either directly e. Microbes have probably always caused infections and diseases in humans.
Microorganisms microbes include bacteria, fungi, protozoa, some algae, viruses, viroids and also prions that are proteinacious infectious agents. Diseases caused by bacteria are responsible for many deaths in the world since many centuries. Antibodies have the ability to combine with the antigen that stimulated their. It is often difficult to determine the cause of fungal diseases, because bacteria cause a secondary infection and are often erroneously identified as fungi. Unlike those diseases caused by microorganisms like fungi and protozoa these bacterial infections are deadly. The human microbiota, especially the gut microbiota, has even been considered to be an essential organ, carrying approximately 150 times more genes than are found in the entire human genome. Soil borne human diseases jrc publications repository europa. New cases of lyme disease are most often seen in late spring. In india as well as in the world many people often search for different human diseases and their scientific name of micro germs. The video discusses the gk topic of human diseases caused by microorganisms bacteria, fungi, virus and protozoa. However, these microbes only cause a problem if your immune system. Gk human diseases caused by bacteria viruses protozoa. Microbiological classification of infectious diseases.
Diseases caused by bacteria cholera vibrio cholerae anthrax bacillus anthrasis diphtheria corynebacterium diphtheriae leprosy mycobacterium leprae botulism clostridium botulinum syphilis treponema pallidum tetanus clostridium tetani trachoma chlamydia trachomatis tuberculosis mycobacterium tuberculosis typhoid fever salmonella typhi. Lyme disease is an inflammatory disease caused by the bacterium borrelia burgdorferi 3. Presentday archeologists and microbiologists scientists who study microbes are discovering evidence of infectious disease in prehistoric human. Learn microbiology human diseases with free interactive flashcards. The ability of monkey rotavirus strains to cause serious illness diarrhea in human. List of human diseases caused by bacteria and viruses.
There is also strong evidence that microbes may contribute to many noninfectious chronic diseases such as some forms of cancer and coronary heart disease. Bacterial diseases bacteria are microscopic, singlecelled organisms bacte. When microbe meets human clinical infectious diseases oxford. The vast majority of bacteria do not cause disease, and many bacteria are actually helpful and even necessary for good health. List of human diseases caused by bacteria,virus,fungi. These germs have been studying ways to trick the human immune system for a long time because getting past the bodys defences is key for their survival. Choose from 500 different sets of microbiology human diseases flashcards on quizlet. Archaea differ from eukarya and bacteria in terms of genetic, biochemical, and structural features. Presentday archeologists and microbiologists scientists who study microbes are discovering evidence of infectious disease in prehistoric human skeletons. Most fungi are not dangerous, but some types can be harmful to health.
Most human infections in world today are either caused by viruses or bacteria. Disease causing microorganisms, however, are another matter entirely. Diseases caused by bacteria and viruses bacterial diseases microorganisms viruses and prokaryotesthat cause disease are called pathogens. Ncert science textbooks class 612, wikipedia microbes or microorganisms microorganisms include bacteria, fungi, protozoa, some algae, viruses, viroids and also prions that are proteinacious infectious agents. In this manual infectious agents which cause infection and illness are called pathogens.
Some diseases caused by pathogens are polio, cholera, mumps, rabies, malaria etc. At best, there is an association between pathogens and stunting in children. Bmc infectious diseases bacterial and fungal diseases. Improved sanitation, vaccines, and antibiotics have all decreased the mortality rates from bacterial infections, though antibioticresistant strains have caused a resurgence in some illnesses. The overwhelming majority of bacteria do not cause disease. List of different human diseases caused by bacteria viruses protozoa and fungi. About 1 in 10 people have these bacteria in the back of their nose and throat without being ill.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Cancer occurs when a cell or group of cells begins to multiply more rapidly. Tuberculosis is one of the most common and widely distributed bacteria diseases in the human population. A virus is micro organism, it is usually very difficult to kill. Which of the following characteristic of the rotavirus was important for the construction of the rotashield vaccine. Understanding emerging and reemerging infectious diseases. However, in the future scientists may discover archaea associated with disease. Disease causing microorganisms safe drinking water. For example, archaea possess unique flagellins and etherlinked lipids and lack murein in their cell walls. Different diseases are caused by different types of microorganisms. They use simple tricks to enter our bodies so they can cause disease.
Harmful microorganisms types and harmful effects on. Bacteria called neisseria meningitidis cause meningococcal disease. Gram staining is the application of a crystal violet dye to a culture of bacteria. These past studies have shown that certain pathogens conform to. Infectious diseases bacteria are classified by their gram stain characteristics. The fact sheets on potential pathogens include information on human health ef. Infectious disease, in medicine, a process caused by an agent, often a type of microorganism, that impairs a persons health.
However, soils also contain microorganisms which are capable of causing diseases in humans. Human disease in this topic we are going to figure out some serious diseases caused by various types of bacteria, viruses protozoa, and fungus. Fungal diseases are often caused by fungi that are common in the environment. Here you find the list of diseases in a tabular form and also details of some important ones. Some common human diseases biology 267 notes module 4 environment and iii contact with soil contaminated with disease causing viruses and bacteria. Antibiotics are used successfully to control bacteria. Chemical control strategies that may be required are updated annually in the osu extension agents handbook of insect, plant disease and weed control circular e832. If the organism can cause infection, it is an infectious agent. Microbes cause infectious diseases such as flu and measles. Bacterial diseases occur when pathogenic bacteria get into an area of the body that is normally sterile, such as the bladder, or when they crowd.
675 481 1178 1203 365 1532 548 1279 1440 1094 1207 576 1252 1139 1037 728 156 317 1484 858 369 839 857 456 946 1202 200 502 880 1107 125 1116 822 1414